12/15/2023 0 Comments Crusader kings 3 best starting country![]() When you hover over blue text, it displays important definitions and explanations about game systems. Once you start forming an idea of how you want to play the game, then you’ll naturally begin gravitating toward which systems are worth your attention. Thankfully, to enjoy the game as a beginner, you don’t need to take part in all of them all the time. ![]() There are dozens of systems to be aware of at any given time, and it’s helpful to at least be made aware of them. Once you’re done, you can continue playing as the tutorial character or quit and start a fresh game. Don’t worry about internalizing everything. The tutorial slowly introduces several systems and explains their functions. This opening session mimics the gameplay you’ll experience, but at a snail’s pace. Until then, grab a drink and a snack and play through the tutorial. ![]() There’s a lot to learn, but the tutorial makes it easy Image: Paradox Interactive via Polygon If you want to enjoy this game, consider the tutorial mandatory. Right when you load up Crusader Kings 3, it immediately offers to lighten the mental load by running you through a starter scenario. Without a smartly designed tutorial to explain all the mechanics behind the scenes, trying to understand what’s going on can be a challenge. As you make decisions, the game churns out outcomes based on your actions while heaping on dozens of others scenarios that require your reaction. Consider the tutorial mandatoryĬrusader Kings 3 is a series of systems colliding with each other. We’ll explain the fluid nature of the game’s storytelling system and help you make decisions that steer the narrative in a concrete direction of your choosing. In this Crusader Kings 3 beginner’s guide, we’ll introduce you to the series - and genre - from the perspective of a complete beginner. The game’s fun came into full focus only when I learned that the player’s job is to direct the story. I spent my first few minutes of the game absolutely confused. I came to Crusader Kings 3 because of the interesting stories I read about it - and also it’s free with Xbox Game Pass. The sheer amount of freedom in the game is a welcome aspect for veterans, but that’s not me. There are some great additions in here that completely transform the base game and a couple that are the perfect quality of life changes.There is a lot to do in Crusader Kings 3, and its open-ended design felt overwhelming to this genre newcomer. Updated September 3rd by Harry Alston: With the first major DLC patch on its way for Crusader Kings 3 (sometime soon, we hope) we're updating this list with some of the brand new mods that have been introduced to the workshop since we last published this article. Some of the best mods in this regard are listed below. However, there's no need to worry - the modding community for Crusader Kings III is extremely active and allows players to reinvigorate the gameplay of this title with a host of stellar changes. although they might reach a saturation point after a while. Players who get into this title will find themselves enjoying hours upon hours of amazing gameplay. Related: Crusader Kings 3: How To Keep Your Custom Character’s Dynasty Alive The combination of better gamer design, informative tooltips, and helpful notifications has turned Crusader Kings III into one of the greatest strategy games ever made. Grand strategy games might not be up everyone's alley, but Crusader Kings III is such a great and intuitive introduction to this form of gameplay that players can actually contemplate the idea of getting into a series that has felt ridiculously convoluted for the longest time.
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12/15/2023 0 Comments Road tripper outfitThe best winter travel outfit for flying will make you feel comfortable in your seat and stylish enough not to feel out of place.īring layers! Dress in tights, leggings, or warm pants under your dress or skirt. What should I wear on a plane in cold weather? Also, ensure your scarves can double as a blanket on the plane! When you get where you’re going, or if it’s somewhere cold when you leave, try getting a travel coat, which is lightweight and easy to pack away when not in use. Remember that you’ll likely be dealing with colder weather when you get to your destination, especially if it’s in a northern location, so make sure that whatever clothes you wear for travel in winter can go from the plane to the car easily. It’s also helpful if your style is somewhat similar to the style of your destination, so stick to a more conservative look if you’re going somewhere more conservative and vice versa. Make sure your outfit is comfortable enough that it doesn’t restrict or impede your movement but stylish enough to make you feel confident and positive about your appearance. ![]() While traveling during the winter you’ll want to make sure you get to your flight on time. Make sure that whatever scarf you choose is long enough to cover your neck and face!ĭon’t forget to pack your favorite jewelry. A good quality winter coat will keep you warm around your neck and face. ![]() Winter travel calls for hats, scarves, and gloves, as well as sunglasses to protect your eyes from the snow. To pack them safely, you should pack them close to their full size (without wearing them) and then stuff them with socks, leggings, or anything else you can roll easily. If you’re going somewhere where there could be snow, pack a pair of waterproof boots. If there isn’t any snow where you’re going, you can always wear regular shoes with a thick pair of socks. These are water-resistant, so no matter how much snow falls, your feet will stay dry. If you don’t have any winter boots, another option is to wear rain boots when it’s snowing. The last thing you want, when it’s snowing outside, is to put on high heels and slip all over the place! That being said, there are ways around this.įor starters, if you have a pair of stylish boots, wear them! You can wear these boots in the snow with thick socks and still look good. Wearing the right kind of shoes for winter travel is extremely important. You’ll want to ensure it’s waterproof or water-resistant, at least! If you wear a good quality winter coat and pants, then even snow won’t get through easily. ![]() On top of layers, the outer layer of the outfit is extremely important. The best travel outfits will let you adjust your layers as needed. ![]() When your clothes are layered, they trap air in between them, which keeps you warm. Layers are key in dressing for winter because what will keep you warm is the air between your clothes, not the clothes themselves. This means you’ll want to wear many thin layers rather than a few thick ones. Since it is winter, layering is very important when picking out outfits for travel in winter. However, just because you’re dressing for the cold doesn’t mean that you should go overboard when packing your clothes. 12/14/2023 0 Comments Valentina angelina jonasJust the day before, Joe shared a snippet of one of the new songs. The couple, who have been married for almost four. However, her parents, Kevin and Danielle Jonas appeared on their own reality family show, Married To Jonas. ![]() We’re very excited, Joe Jonas told Us Weekly in July 2013. ![]() The couple’s second daughter, Valentina Angelina, was born in October 2016. He and Danielle welcomed their first daughter, Alena Rose, in February 2014. Kevin Jonas enjoys magical day at Disneyland with wife Danielle and their two kids, Valentina and birthday girl Alena Tesla delivered a record 1. The Jonas Brothers Bring Southern Hospitality to Las Vegas Pictured: Danielle, Alena Rose, Valentina Angelina, and Kevin Jonas. Valentina comes from a family of actors and singers, so it wouldn’t be surprising if she became one in the future. A few years later, after the Jonas Brothers officially announced their split in October 2013, Kevin became a father. Right after Nick did his solo speech, the trio of brothers announced their new album, The Album, and it’s May 5th release date! Priyanka Chopra and Nick Jonas delighted their fans across the world at the start of 2022, by announcing the arrival of their baby via surrogate. Valentina Angelina Jonas is far too young to begin her professional career. Producers Ryan Tedder and Jon Bellion were among the speakers during the ceremony. AV 14014 JONAS, ELLEN R JONAS, IRWIN 14018 BOYLE, LINDA L BOYLE, WILLIAM PERCOCO, FRANK PERCOCO, FRANK PERCOCO, JOHN F PERCOCO, VALENTINA 14020. Kevin‘s daughters Alena and Valentina, and Nick‘s baby Malti were in attendance as well. Stepping out to support them were their wives, Priyanka Chopra, Sophie Turner and Danielle Jonas, as well as their parents Kevin Sr and Denise, Priyanka‘s mom Madhu, their brother Frankie and Kevin‘s sister-in-law Kathleen. The Jonas Brothers musicians were joined by family and friends at the ceremony, where they were presented with the 2,745th star on the Walk of Fame. Hollywood royalty, she is the second daughter of guitarist Kevin Jonas and reality star Danielle Deleasa. Nick, Joe and Kevin Jonas just received their own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on Monday (January 30) in Los Angeles. ![]() The Jonas Brothers just cemented themselves in history – literally! 12/14/2023 0 Comments Audiofinder analyze rms![]() Labs supporting Ukrainian Scientists is an expansive list of labs and PIs offering support at this time.Science for Ukraine provides an overview of labs offering a place for researchers and students who are affected to work from, as well as offers of employment, funding, and accommodation:.Personally, I have found the messages of support from scientists everywhere to be truly heartfelt, and I would like to highlight some of the community initiatives I’ve seen here: Development of this audio library was funded by PJRC.COM, LLC by sales of. But 1 one unit of LUFS is equal to one dB. One interesting thing about LUFS is that even though they are their own measurement. Nexidia’s Partner categories include Hosting, Consulting, and Integration Partners.We also want to use our platform to highlight the response from the scientific community. Its a little hard to see, but the Total RMS amplitude is -20.53 dB and the LUFS value is -21.02. Nexidia is proud to partner with leading eDiscovery providers and software developers – delivering cost-effective solutions to corporations and law firms. Plugins that accept audio input but produce no audio output will be placed in the Analyze menu, with the analysis results being provided by labels (or in some optional LADSPA plugins by an 'Effect Output' section in the plugin itself). Features: Intuitive Design and Easy to Learn. The Analyze Menu contains tools for finding out about the characteristics of your audio, or labeling key features. AudioFinder is the perfect solution for small and mid-sized projects while delivering the same market-leading technology at a fraction of the cost, and without IT overhead.Īnd when sensitive audio content cannot be removed from premises, AudioFinder offers a mobile solution that permits content to be processed and reviewed onsite, without the need to transmit files.Ī single-user, stand-alone application, AudioFinder is quickly and easily installed on a workstation to support a complete Audio Discovery workflow, eliminating reliance on time consuming and inaccurate speech-to-text transcription.ĪudioFinder provides the same phonetic search capabilities as the OnDemand solution, with a simply installed, desktop application. AudioFinder is an advanced sample management system for Mac OS X complete with full AudioUnit support. Not every Audio Discovery project is of the scale to require enterprise technology like Nexidia Search. Hosted in Nexidia’s secure data centers in the US and UK, Nexidia Search is accessible to review teams operating in any location. Analyzing vibration data in the time domain (amplitude plotted against time) is limited to a few parameters in quantifying the strength of a vibration profile: amplitude, peak-to-peak value, and RMS, which are identified in this simple sine wave. OF A SPECTRUM ANALYZER 19 3.1 Fourier analyzer (FFT analyzer) 19 3. The OnDemand solution utilizes Nexidia’s patented Neural Phonetic Speech Analytics technology, providing advanced word and phrase-based visual analytics including: Vibration analysis starts with a time-varying, real-world signal from a transducer or sensor. rms detectors extract rms value for all signal shapes. In statistics, for any zero-mean random stationary signal, the RMS value is same as the standard deviation of the signal. ![]() Hence, it is also a measure of energy content in a given signal. Combining patented phonetic technology, audio expertise, and the highest levels of project management, Nexidia’s Audio Discovery is the market leading solution for reviewing large volumes of audio and video content, making tight deadlines achievable and reducing the overall project effort and cost. RMS value of an AC voltage/current is equivalent to the DC voltage/current that produces the same heating effect when applied across an identical resistor. When faced with the potentially daunting task of finding responsive content within a large volume of audio, Nexidia’s hosted SaaS solution, Nexidia Search OnDemand, provides the scalability, accuracy and performance you need to be successful. Nexidia offers multiple solutions to suit your Audio Discovery needs: Nexidia Search OnDemand ![]() Whether you are responding to a regulatory request, a discovery demand, or an internal investigation, Nexidia makes searching and reviewing audio recordings easy and efficient. AudioFinder can build a catalog of every sound on your system, save it, and search it instantly to find the sounds you need when you need them. Audio Discovery Solutions Flexible Audio Discovery Solutions Designed to Meet Your Needs 12/14/2023 0 Comments Define camouflageThe prevalence of anxiety problems remains high with the transition to adulthood, but rates of externalising problems (ADHD, ODD) reduce, and risk of depression greatly increases. By adulthood, this profile of risk has shifted. Among children, anxiety disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) predominate. While high rates of mental health problems in autism persist across childhood, adolescence, and adulthood, the specific nature of these difficulties changes over time. Further, compared to the general population, autistic adults experience higher rates of suicidal ideation and are more likely to die by suicide. Similarly high rates of mental health problems are consistently found in autistic adults. In a community sample of young autistic people aged between 10 and 14 years, 71% were found to meet criteria for at least one mental health disorder, with 41% having additional comorbidities. Across the lifespan, autistic people are at very high risk of mental health problems. To meet diagnostic criteria for autism, an individual must display difficulties with social interaction and communication, in addition to restricted interests and repetitive behaviours. We also identified levels of camouflaging at which risk of mental health problems is highest, suggesting clinicians should be particularly aware of mental health problems in those who score at or above these levels.Īutism spectrum disorder (hereafter ‘autism’) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person relates to others and experiences the world. The findings suggest that camouflaging is a risk factor for mental health problems in autistic adults without intellectual disability, regardless of gender. The sample did not include sufficient numbers of non-binary people to run separate analyses therefore, it is possible that camouflaging impacts mental health differently in this population. These results cannot be generalised to autistic people with intellectual disability, or autistic children and young people. No interaction between camouflaging and gender was found. Camouflaging more strongly predicted generalised and social anxiety than depression. Overall, camouflaging was associated with greater symptoms of generalised anxiety, depression, and social anxiety, although only to a small extent beyond the contribution of autistic traits and age. This study explored the relationship between self-reported camouflaging and generalised anxiety, depression, and social anxiety in a large sample of autistic adults and, for the first time, explored the moderating effect of gender, in an online survey. There is inconsistent evidence for a clear pattern of association between ‘camouflaging’ (strategies used to mask and/or compensate for autism characteristics during social interactions) and mental health. What Should a Graphic Design Portfolio Include?Īs we said before, a graphic design portfolio is a collection of a designer’s work-so it should showcase exactly what you can do. And you don’t want to be caught short by a graphic design portfolio that’s not all it could be. You might be called in at a moment’s notice to chat with your art director to discuss a promotion opportunity or a hot new project you didn’t even know about. So, a winning portfolio is vital when you’re going for a new job. Graphic designers then use these portfolios as a ticket to the industry-they’ll be shown to any employers or potential clients before they decide if they want to work with you. Traditionally these would have been a folder or bound volume, but nowadays a large majority of graphic designers have a document (most likely a pdf) that showcases the best of their design work from across their career-more on what a designer might put in their portfolio below. Learn About Our Course What is a Graphic Design Portfolio?Ī graphic design portfolio is a collection of a designer’s work. Want to improve your graphic design skills and get the help of experts while creating your portfolio? ![]() If you’re looking to get your portfolio to the next level, then below you’ll find a selection of 35 graphic design portfolio websites to inspire you, curated by teachers and graduates from our graphic design course. W e also offer our very best graphic design portfolio tips to help you raise your portfolio and make it your best tool for career success. You need to think about maintaining, improving and evolving your portfolio throughout your graphic design career. ![]() Putting together a kick-ass graphic design portfolio isn’t just something you need to worry about when you’re a student. ![]() 35 Best Graphic Design Portfolio Examples & Tips to Create Your Own Portfolio 12/14/2023 0 Comments Baby bottle pop candy near meTo eat, lick the lollipop top and dip, dunk or shake it with the sweet flavored powder to boost the taste to the next level of deliciousness and silliness.Assortment of 5 mouth-watering fruit flavors: Strawberry, Watermelon, Blue Raspberry, Berry Blast, and Unicorn Glitterberry.Baby bottle-shaped sweet lollipop that comes with flavor-boosting candy dipping powder!.Pick from a mix of Strawberry, Blue Raspberry, Watermelon, Berry Blast and NEW Unicorn Glitterberry! Unicorn Glitterberry is the newest addiiton, a sweet pink-purple lollipop that comes with edible glitter powder with rainbow sparkles! Baby Bottle Pop Packed Full of Silliness! Great for kids, birthday parties, party favors, snacking, back to school, Halloween, Trick-or-Treat, Stocking Stuffers, Valentines, Easter basket fillers, and summer celebrations Disclaimer: Not for children 3 and under. Dip as much or as little as you want! And if you want to save some for later, pop on the plastic cap and take it on the go. Just lick the lollipop top and dip, dunk or shake it with the sweet flavored powder to boost the taste to the next level of deliciousness and silliness. Now pick from one of five delicious kid-favorite flavors! Each Baby Bottle Pop is a baby-bottle shaped lollipop and powder 2-in-1 candy that lets kids customize their flavor by dipping the sweet lollipop into delicious flavor-boosting powder. Scissors, Rulers & Compasses chevron rightįor over two decades, Baby Bottle Pop has been one of kids' favorite candies packed with the fun and silliness that makes being a kid so great. ![]()
12/13/2023 0 Comments Virginia cameraman shot![]() It was the best nine months of our lives. Hurst tweeted: “We were together almost nine months. Anchor Chris Hurst says in tweets that although the two didn’t share their relationship publicly, they were in love and had just moved in together. Reporter Alison Parker and cameraman Adam Ward were killed in the Wednesday morning on-air shooting at a shopping center. No suspect has been identified, and no motive is known in the shooting.Īn anchor at the Virginia TV station that saw two of its employees fatally shot on air says he was in love with the reporter who died and that they wanted to get married. at a shopping center overlooking a manmade lake – was reporter Alison Parker, who was dating the station’s 6 p.m. He did live shots during our morning show for several years.”Īlso killed in the incident – at 6:45 a.m. He pretty much was available to do anything that we asked. Morgan says Adam had been with the station for four years. WDBJ spokesman Mike Morgan says 27-year-old Adam Ward was engaged to a producer at the station, Melissa Ott. The Franklin County Sheriff’s Office says in a news release that video recorded by the station’s camera shows the male suspect holding a weapon.Ī spokesman for the Virginia TV station that saw two of its employees fatally shot on air describes the slain cameraman as WDBJ-TV’s “go-to guy.” He says: “We believe it’s a disgruntled employee of the station, and they’re in pursuit.” McAuliffe says that law enforcement personnel have a photo of the suspect and that he was known to the victims. Hours earlier, a reporter and a cameraman were killed on air as they worked on a live broadcast at a shopping center in Moneta, in central Virginia. McAuliffe made the remarks during an appearance on the radio station’s regular “Ask the Governor” show on Wednesday morning. ![]() He says police are pursuing the suspect on Interstate 64. McAuliffe says on a radio show on WTOP that the suspect is believed to be a disgruntled employee of WDBJ-TV. Terry McAuliffe says police are chasing the suspect in a fatal on-air shooting, and his arrest is imminent. Marks says a nearby TV station that is normally a competitor is covering other, unrelated news and will share video with the station. He says: “It’s the kind of place where it’s all brothers and sisters. Marks says about 50 people work at WDBJ7. Federal law enforcement is assisting in the manhunt, and federal officials say they have no indication that the shooting was connected to terrorism. He says authorities believe the suspect is a disgruntled TV station employee. Terry McAuliffe has said police are pursuing a suspect on the highway. He told The Associated Press: “Police have advised us that as long as this person is on the loose, we should stay in the building. Jeffrey Marks, the president and general manager of WDBJ-TV, said hours after the Wednesday morning shooting that police advised employees to stay inside. The general manager of a Virginia TV station that saw a reporter and cameraman fatally shot during a live broadcast says his employees have been told to stay in the building, with police protection. He says police are in pursuit of the suspect, believed to be a disgruntled employee of the station, on the highway. Terry McAuliffe has said the arrest of a suspect in the shooting is imminent. Parker and cameraman Adam Ward were killed. She was being interviewed by reporter Alison Parker around 6:45 a.m. WDBJ-TV says on its website that Vicki Gardner of the Smith Mountain Lake Regional Chamber of Commerce was injured in incident Wednesday morning. The Virginia TV station that saw two of its employees fatally shot during a live broadcast has identified a third person who was injured during the shooting. The station says that person was injured in the shooting. The station employees were killed in incident Wednesday morning at a shopping center, where an employee with the local chamber of commerce was being interviewed. He says police are in pursuit on the interstate, and he says the suspect is believed to be a disgruntled employee of the station, WDBJ-TV. Terry McAuliffe has said the suspect’s arrest is imminent. (AP) – The latest on the fatal on-air shooting of two TV station employees in central Virginia (all times local):Īn official has identified the suspect in the fatal on-air shooting of a reporter and cameraman from a TV station in central Virginia.īecky Coyner with dispatch and records at the Augusta County Sheriff’s Office says the suspect is 41-year-old Vester Lee Flanagan II, of Roanoke. 12/13/2023 0 Comments Sound barrier![]() 50-caliber (12.7 mm) machine gun bullet, known to be stable in supersonic flight. The X-1 was, in principle, a "bullet with wings", its shape closely resembling a Browning. An aircraft with both turbojet and rocket engines would be too large and complex. Turbojets could not achieve the required performance at high altitude. The aircraft's designers built a rocket plane after considering alternatives. Army Air Forces Flight Test Division and the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) contracted with the Bell Aircraft Company to build three XS-1 (for "Experimental, Supersonic", later X-1) aircraft to obtain flight data on conditions in the transonic speed range. Early specifications for the aircraft were for a piloted supersonic vehicle that could fly at 800 miles per hour (1,300 km/h) at 35,000 feet (11,000 m) for two to five minutes. The XS-1 was first discussed in December 1944. A variable-incidence tail appeared to be the most promising solution and having already decided on it for the M.52, the Miles and the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) tests supported this. Bell was battling the problem of pitch control due to "blanking" the elevators. Unknown to Miles, Bell had already started construction of a rocket-powered supersonic design of their own, with a conventional horizontal tail. ![]() reneged on the agreement and no data was forthcoming in return. Miles' Chief Aerodynamicist Dennis Bancroft stated that Bell Aircraft personnel visited Miles later in 1944, and were given access to the drawings and research on the M.52, but the U.S. Later that year, the Air Ministry signed an agreement with the United States to exchange high-speed research and data. The project resulted in the development of the prototype turbojet-powered Miles M.52, designed to reach 1,000 miles per hour (870 kn 1,600 km/h) (over twice the existing airspeed record) in level flight, and to climb to an altitude of 36,000 ft (11 km) in 1 min and 30 sec.īy 1944, design of the M.52 was 90% complete and Miles was told to go ahead with the construction of three prototypes. In 1942, the United Kingdom's Ministry of Aviation began a top secret project with Miles Aircraft to develop the world's first aircraft capable of breaking the sound barrier. The X-1 aircraft #46-062, nicknamed Glamorous Glennis and flown by Chuck Yeager, was the first piloted airplane to exceed the speed of sound in level flight and was the first of the X-planes, a series of American experimental rocket planes (and non-rocket planes) designed for testing new technologies.ĭesign and development Parallel development A derivative of this same design, the Bell X-1A, having greater fuel capacity and hence longer rocket burning time, exceeded 1,600 miles per hour (2,600 km/h 1,400 kn) in 1954. Conceived during 1944 and designed and built in 1945, it achieved a speed of nearly 1,000 miles per hour (1,600 km/h 870 kn) in 1948. Air Force supersonic research project built by Bell Aircraft. The Bell X-1 ( Bell Model 44) is a rocket engine–powered aircraft, designated originally as the XS-1, and was a joint National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics– U.S. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics 12/13/2023 0 Comments Red tide graph![]() However, the Tropical Storm Gordon brought the much-needed relief by helping push the algae away from Southwest Florida’s coastline – though scientists warn that it may be only temporary. Although algae blooms have been known for centuries, there are no scientific inventions to stop or control the blooms. The toxic bloom in Florida is still ongoing. What Can Be Done About Red Tides In Florida? Bloom of Karenia brevis using Sentinel-3 #OLCI Enhanced Color satellite imagery. “ As water temperatures remain persistently warm for longer periods, the likelihood of harmful blooms becomes greater”, states the UN Environment nutrient pollution expert Christopher Cox. Warming sea waters brought on by climate change also have a positive influence on phytoplankton proliferation. The rest runs off into the environment, entering streams and eventually the sea. Since the easily available nitrogen and phosphorus are a quick feed for both crops we eat and the algae in our seas, algae take advantage of this enormous influx of food to increase their numbers greatly. Unabsorbed fertilizer washes away from the fields – it is estimated that less than half of the nutrient formula is actually used up by the crops. The Karenia brevis bloom expanded and intensified in late-July. Farmers continue to add more and more synthetic fertilizers to the often-depleted soils in order to reach higher yields – more than half of the fertilizer ever applied to global agricultural fields has been put in there in the last 30 years. Why Have Florida Red Tides Gotten More Severe?Īs with most of the algae blooms all over the world, the main reason for the increase is the overuse of commercial fertilizersin the crop fields on land. Large-scale agriculture and chemical fertilizer use have boomed since the 1950s – the same time when algae bloom events got more severe. Low levels of oxygen cause additional mortality in animals. That is why all shellfish farms have to close during the red tide events. Additionally, when the short-lived algae die and decompose, the process leads to oxygen depletion of the water. Shellfish can accumulate brevetoxins, and individuals who eat them can end up with Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning. ![]() When waves brake open algae cells, toxins become airborne and cause respiratory issues and eye irritation in humans. Karenia brevis produces toxins called brevetoxins, which are capable of killing fish, birds, turtles and even big sea mammals such as dolphins and manatees. The name comes from water discoloration that occurs when algae multiply to such high concentrations. Although there are many species of algae that cause harmful blooms, the best known and most aggressive algae species is Karenia brevis– a red plankton algae that thrives in high-salinity areas and easily outcompetes other species of algae. The Red tid e phenomenon is caused by the huge and swift proliferation of microscopic algae in the sea water. Many people complain about respiratory issues related to the bloom, and unsurprisingly – tourism has suffered as well. The severity of 2018 red tide is not an isolated incident, but it continues to be a pattern of increasing intensity and duration of the bloom which has been going on since the 1950s. More than 260 tons of marine life, including thousands of fish, a hundred manatees, a dozen dolphins, and hundreds of sea turtles– all have washed up dead along 150 miles of the Gulf Coast. This year’s red tide is so severe that it has forced the state to declare a state of emergency. occurred in the Gulf along the West Florida Shelf. However, not all red tides are of the same intensity. In 1844, the first scientifically documented red tide episode in the U.S. Coastal algae bloom – the “Red tide” – is a common occurrence on Florida’s Gulf coast. Red tides were first recorded in the 16th century when Spanish explorers heard stories about the “red water” that resulted in fish and bird mortality, told by Florida Indians. |
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